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EL34 PSE (Parallel Single Ended) ver. 2
Introduction:
- single ended design with medium-high power about 10w
- class A1 operation to use the most linear area of output tubes
- normal idle condition to have a long tube life time
- Zout near to 1 ohm to have a good damping factor for a fast bass frequency on any kind of loudspeakers
- simple design for any DIY with a low power supply voltage
- it use only common tubes which are easy to find with most suppliers
Schematic
I have all gate of output tubes at the same bias voltage because I have used a matched quad by
but if you want to use spare output tubes without any match you should use a separate bias trimmer and a separated interstage capacitor per each output tube on the gates and a 10 ohm 1/2W resistor on each cathode to measure the current of a single tube.
The complete schematic to implement the separated grid voltage could be found here.
Before to insert the EL34 tubes in the sockets switch on the amplifier with only the two little tubes (12AX7/ECC83 and 5814/ECC82) and set the trimmers to get about -50V from the grids of the EL34 and the ground.
After switching the amp off, insert the EL34 and then switch it on again to set the correct bias.
This amplifier, like the my other designs, can be connected directly to a CD Player or to a DAC without using a pre-amp.
Driver dialogue download. In the datasheet is mention this limit:
| tube model used | max cathode to heater voltage (max Vkf) | circuit cathode voltage (Vk) | heater voltage (Vf) | Vk - Vf |
| ECC83 / 12AX7 | 180v | 1.3V | 80V | 79V |
| ECC82 / 5814 / 12AU7 | 180v | 220V | 80V | 140V |
| EL34 | 100v | 1V | 80V | 79V |
The circuit cathode voltage (Vk) is calculated with:
Total EL34 current 185mA
Each EL34 current = 185 / 4 = 46mA
Resistance on cathode = 47 // 47 = 23.5ohm
Cathode voltage = 23.5ohm * 46mA = 1V
ECC83 current 1mA
Resistance on cathode = 1300ohm
Cathode voltage = 1300ohm * 1mA = 1.3V
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ECC82 current 10mA
Resistance on cathode = 22K // 22K + 22K // 22K = 22Kohm
Cathode voltage = 22Kohm * 10mA = 220V
| ECC83 and ECC82 sockets, bottom view. | EL34 Socket, bottom view |
Power supply
Components
The interstage capacitor should be a 0.22 400v or 0.33uF 630V Jensen Copper film paper in oil or a 0.33uF 450V Auricap from Audience.
All the audio transformers used in this project are Lundahl products:
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Lundahl is one of the world´s leading manufacturer of audio transformers used in many professional studio recording and radio stations so it has great experience and all these products use a custom audio C-core.
The input stage is a 12AX7 / ECC83 Mullard or Jan Philips
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About passive components types, I don't leave many choices: Caddock resistances on cathode, ELNA Cerafine capacitors on cathode.
| A valid alternative to very expensive Caddock is to use a parallel of two normal 1% metallic oside resistor with inverted phase to compensate some of their inductance. Here is show the connection of two resitors to create a parallel. |
Actually the ELNA Cerafine capacitors are not easy to find because are no more produced but these could replace with the new Jensen Electrolytic.
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For the wiring, forget the teflon ! Use only stranded tinned copper wire with pvc insulator, and for loudspeakers use the same.
A very good quality stranded tinned copper wire could be bought directly from E-Z-HOOK that carries an extensive line of fine stranded and extra flexible wire.
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The cabinet has been created using an aluminum plate with a thickness of 3mm and a size 35 x 55 cm and a wood frame picture with a section 2 x 6 cm.
Simulation
The performances of this design has been optimized with electronic simulation using the WinSpice .3.1 software for Windows.
The WinSpice 3.1 has been develop by Mike Smith and it is a beatiful port of original spice3f4 develop by Berkeley University of California.
It can generate waveform plots to individual floating windows and contains a powerful scripting language
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Distortion measurement
Follows some test made with Clio system by Audiomatica.
Distortion spectrum of driver stage (ECC83 & ECC82) on a 220Kohm load at 1KHz.
Distortion spectrum of driver stage (ECC83 & ECC82) on a 220Kohm load at 100Hz.
Distortion spectrum of the complete amplifier on a 8ohm load at 1KHz and an input voltage of only 200mVrms Drivers corporation modems reviews.
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Distortion spectrum of the comple amplifier on a 8ohm load at 100Hz and an input voltage of only 200mVrms
Frequency response measurement
Follows some test made with Clio system by Audiomatica about the frequency response with sinusoidal sweep.
Listening test
Photo of details